Clubfoot, scientifically known as talipes equinovarus, is a universal term that describes peculiar foot positions. Even if it is not painful in childhood, treatment for clubfoot should start as soon as it is realized. If you have been wondering what causes this condition, keep reading to find out.
The condition ranges from mild to severe with each of these characteristics:
- The foot pointing downwards
- Smaller heel than usual
- Curved-in foot
- The soles facing each other
The risk factors
- Males are more likely to develop clubfoot than females.
- Parents who are born with clubfoot are more likely to bear kids with a similar condition. Research indicates that the condition is linked to mutation of a gene (PITX1) which is fundamental to lower limb development.
While clubfoot surgery may work in the short run, the Ponseti method is highly recommended for children to live normal lives.
Causes
The phenomenon is idiopathic, that is, the exact cause is not known. Genetic factors seem to be the main contributors. Even though the PITX1 gene is associated with clubfoot, the concept is not very clear. But the fact that it is passed down through families is pretty clear.
One of the biggest misconceptions held by people is that clubfoot is caused by an improper fetus position. This is not true. But it can be related to skeletal dysfunctions like hip dysplasia and spina bifida cystic. It can also emanate from the disrupted neuromuscular pathway, particularly in the brain, the muscles, or nerve.
The other causative agents are the maternal factors like when the mother smokes cigarettes or if she is diabetic. Research has also found that clubfoot risk increases with early amniocentesis which occurs before the 13th week of pregnancy.
If left untreated, the congenital physical deformity makes the bones of the foot to acquire an abnormal shape while tightening the Achilles tendon. Thanks to technology, clubfoot may be detected even before the baby is born. As soon as clubfoot is detected, the baby should be examined for other health issues. Early clubfoot treatment for babies prevents a lot of problems which the child may develop as they grow.
